A Synopsis of Neurological Emergencies
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This is a rare neurological emergency but the mortality can be as high as 20%. The causes include typical neuroleptic medications which are dopamine antagonists (e.g. chlorpromazine and haloperidol). Timely assessment and treatment is very important. Symptoms and signs include: 1. Fever 2. Hypertension and autonomic instability 3. Change in mental status 4. Diffuse muscular rigidity 5. Rhabdomyolysis A. STABILIZE THE PATIENT ABC’s 1. Assess the airway and breathing rate, and look for signs of respiratory distress. If there is respiratory distress or a decreased level of consciousness, intubation and ventilation is required. 2. Check the vital signs and assess if the patient is hemodynamically stable. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor and pulse oximeter. Autonomic instability is very common. Give I.V. fluids. Focused history Take a focused history of the presenting symptom and onset. B. IDENTIFY THE UNDERLYING CAUSECHAPTER 9
NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME (NMS)
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About the Book
This book consists of sixteen chapters. In each chapter one neurological emergency has been discussed. This book provides a stepwise approch to neurological emegencies for medical students, residnets, general physicians, internists and neurologists. An attempt has been made to keep the format of the topics similar to help the reader develop a systematic approach to neurological problems. A brief introduction is provided for each topic, which is then divided into three main sections: stabilize the patient, identify the underlying cause, and treat the underlying cause. At the end, the discussion paragraphs provide some supplementary information not discussed under the previous headings. Some components of the initial history, physical examination, and investigations have been incorporated in the “stabilize the patient” section. Following neurological emegencies have been discussed in this book,
1. COMA
2. DELIRIUM
3. DIZZINESS
4. GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME
5. HEADACHE
6. HEAD INJURY
7. MENINGITIS AND ENCEPHALITIS
8. MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
9. NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME
10. PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI
11. Continuous in orginal book, total 16 chapters
About the Author
Dr. Abdul Qayyum Rana is a Canadian Neurologist who is considered the authority in Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders. He is currently the Director of the Parkinson Clinic of Eastern Toronto and
1. Frequently Asked Questions about Parkinson’s disease written in the brochure format which has been translated in many different languages and used in many countries around the world.
2. An Aid to Neuro-ophthalmology
3. A Synopsis of Neurological Emergencies
4. A Practical Guide to Parkinson’s disease
5. An introduction of Essential tremor