The following is a summary
appearing at the end of one of the chapters:
Lets
take a moment to take stock of what has been said in this chapter. The irreducibility of consciousness, and the
failure of the chemicals in the brain to have enough physical variability to
represent different experiences, require us to give up
on a purely reductive materialistic theory.
The conscious property is a new property of matter. The conscious property contains conscious
content in the form of a representation.
It is not an existence by itself, but simply belongs to some
matter. The difference between the
conscious property and consciousness is that, while they both carry
representational content, only consciousness has awareness along with it. Consciousness is a third type of existence in
the Universe, along with matter and energy.
The conscious property is a third
type of property that exists in matter and energy. Both matter and energy have particle-like and
wave-like properties. I am proposing a
third property, namely the conscious property, that
can exist in matter or energy. This property, that exists in the form of representational content,
does not affect other properties or functions of matter.
The conscious property requires
two functions that act on other conscious properties of nearby matter. The conscious property must be able to be
transferred from one structure of matter to another. The conscious property must also be able to
perform the matching process. Certain,
but not all, biological cells in our brain are designed to perform these two
functions. A conscious producing neuron
will transfer its neutral representation into its neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters are stored in the
terminal buttons at the end of the neuron.
When the neuron gets activated, it sends out the neurotransmitters with
the conscious property, containing its neutral representation, already stored
in them.
The matching process involves one
neuron gathering the conscious properties of all of the neurotransmitters that
the neuron receives at one time, and then matching it against the neuron’s
neutral representation. If the match is
close enough, then the matching process will result in a real conscious
experience being generated. The
conscious experience comes into existence by borrowing energy from the
cell. The borrowed energy is transformed
into a conscious experience because of the facts that consciousness is a third
type of existence, and there is an equivalency relationship between
consciousness and energy, and, hence, matter as well. The amount of energy borrowed to generate a
conscious experience is very small according to my estimate of the equivalency
relationship C= Ec². C in this equation
refers to consciousness. Consciousness
exists in packets that do not depend on the amount of information in the
experience but it depends on the amount of time it exists for. A conscious experience will exist for a brief
period of time, lets just say it is anywhere from 15 to 200 milliseconds for
now. In a later chapter we will get a
theoretical estimate of 100 milliseconds.
Once the time is up, the conscious experience ends and the borrowed
energy is returned to the cell.
In our brain, different conscious
experiences are constantly starting and ending in different areas. We do notice that certain associated groups
of neurons are very closely coordinated in the time that they are all
activated. This means that groups of
neurons that correspond to a particular experience all become activated at the
same time. This would make all of the
parts a one particular conscious experience active at the same time. So, the experience as a whole starts at the
same time and ends at the same time.
The following is an excerpt from
a different chapter:
Matter, for example, would have
both wave and particle properties, and it would also
contain the conscious property of my theory.
The wavelike properties of matter restrict where the particle-like
properties can manifest themselves. The
particle must exist somewhere in the wave, and there is a probability
distribution within the wave that shows the likelihood of the particle to be
observed at some point. Also, when the
particle is observed at some point, then this restricts where the wavelike
properties will be located around. So,
the wave and particle properties restrict each other. I would therefore conclude that the conscious
property joins this relationship by following the same restriction as to where
the conscious property exists. The
conscious property exists as a representation so I don’t see how it can
contribute to the wave and particle aspects of matter. There is no need for it to contribute
anything observable. This is because
consciousness is separate from matter and energy. The conscious property of matter only affects
what the representational content of consciousness will be. And this conscious property of matter is
simply representational content stored, or is a part of, the particle of
matter.
If consciousness is a third type
of existence, should it have wave and particle properties as well? Consciousness has some of these aspects in
its nature. Consciousness exists at some
point or in some general area in space.
But consciousness is not like matter or energy at all. I think that the idea of the conscious
property in my theory probably requires that matter and energy have
conscious-like properties, and that’s exactly what the conscious property
is. The conscious property is the
consciousness aspect in matter and energy.
This aspect of m