Modern Concepts of Security

I have been associated with the security operations at various levels of jurisdictions from the National security policing (covert operations) to the Industrial/Commercial security setup; to Corporations proprietary security practice and supervision over the past three decades. In this stretch, I have come to be conscious of the vital necessity for comprehensive documentation of security and safety archetypes for the study of this unique profession in which reference materials for developing core and universal curricula for training or self improvement of security operatives are hard to come by. Mainly because most law enforcement agents or persons charged with security managements – Law enforcement officers; Security Directors, Fire Safety Directors, the police and even Contract Security firms have hardly come to terms with the professional demands of this specialized professional calling which has assumed the centre stage of global respect of the present-day. It is with these concerns that this book is designed to be a working companion to personnel and agencies in the security professional vocation along with students of peace and conflicts studies; criminology and security studies – the Armed forces personnel together with other national security agents (DSS, DIA, NIA, NAFDAC, NDLEA, NEMA etc.); the Para-military (Police, ICPC, EFCC, Customs & Excise and Immigrations departments, FRSC, NCDC, NEMA and a host of others). In essence, modern security outlook incorporates the Human Security schools of thought which is all about the practice of holistic and global security that is a shift from the traditional conception of national security (a state-centred approach) to focus on the wellbeing of individuals, which is yet to be cultivated in the African continent resulting in enduring problems of disease, poverty, security adversities, violence and insurgences, human rights abuses and civil strives. Besides, not only are security practitioners disappointingly motivated in this part of the world, public security awareness is very poor. People over and over again meet with difficult challenges that are commonly attributable to the failures and helplessness of the occupational establishments and governments to match the ever more sophistication of societal crimes that frequently the security enforcers are the obscene victims that sacrifice their precious lives due to lack of technical and procedural know-how on the job. For this reason, this professional security guidebook is designed to offer sound basic knowledge for researchers, security practitioners and students in fields of environmentalism, emergency management, security/conflicts studies, drug law enforcement, proprietary and contract security practice and supervision as well as for individual reading to boost security consciousness of the entire human race. If security studies is new to you, the following broad scope and many more will be comprehensively treated.  The meaning of the terms security and safety  Risk assessment with the varieties of security and safety systems.  What comprise security programs and how they can be successfully managed  Measures to be adopted to guarantee national security through the holistic human security approach.  The Secret service and Intelligence Operations  Use of intelligence services for detecting or pre-empting and routing security threats  Deployment of counterintelligence services or secret policing to shield national interest from internal/external threats.  Espionage and subversions under purview of classified information protection  Classified sensitivity of information and information integrity security  Global food insecurity and assessment of malnourishment based on contemporary food availability, accessibility and affordability inferences  Health security & emerging infectious diseases  The environment and environmental security issues  The impact of climatic change and environmental effects of global warming especially in consideration of sea level rise and emerging pervasive flooding phenomena  Evaluation of economic security as footings of inimitable support for nation’s human capital/resource development  Security governance and change management  Civil disorders and terrorism in the modern sagacity of violence  Forms of disasters and disaster management procedures relative to planning, mitigation and preparedness for recovery of critical infrastructure vital to survival of natural or human-induced disaster communities.  The types of emergencies that are likely to occur and how to establish or implement and maintain a methodical Contingency Plan to effectively handle them.  Emergency management situational guidelines  How to write security instructions and communicate the security and safety program effectively to security staff and higher authorities.  The laws, codes and standards that are the framework of security and safety.  Narcotics, drug law enforcement and administration, and the adverse consequences of substance abuse on the society  Public relations in how to effectively interact with other law enforcement and security agencies and authorities etc. If however, for want of space all these topics are not comprehensively touched in this Book, they will be adequately dealt with in subsequent volumes. The reference volumes afford abundant valuable materials on modern concepts of security which can be adapted, modified, rejected or used for the reader's own purposes. I have endeavored to avoid errors, both of omission and commission and will be glad to correct in future editions any inaccuracies that are brought to my attention. I therefore entrust this book to the kind consideration of security practitioners and managers in general, especially the certified national and international security and law enforcement professionals. I hope that the contents will be of material benefit to the entire security community because it is only when knowledge is applied specifically to the needs of a particular skill that it becomes of true value. Therein lays the reader's part.