New Principles of Origins and Evolution

In 150 A.D. Ptolomy XIII, the brother of Cleopatra, issued an edict placing Earth at the center of the Universe. This belief prevailed for some 14 centuries. Then, in 1543, Nicolas Copernicus published his book, Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres, which placed the Sun at the center of our Solar System. This heliocentric principle, the first of five highly significant discoveries, initiated the Copernican Revolution that promises a definitive understanding of our Solar System's origin and evolution.

The second principle consisting of the Three Laws of Planetary Motion was discovered in the early 17^th century by Johannes Kepler. They revealed (1) that every orbit of the six then-known planets is an ellipse, with the Sun at one focus of the elliptical orbit, (2) that an imaginary line from the center of the Sun to the center of a planet sweeps out the same area in a given time; i.e., planets move faster when they are closer to the Sun, and (3) the squares of their period of one revolution are proportional to the cubes of their mean distances from the Sun. Although Kepler recognized that the six known planets were geometrically spaced, he failed in his attempts to explain this enigmatic Fourth Law of Planetary Motion -- a potential Copernican-like revelation of the dynamic origin of our Solar System.

The third fundamental principle, gravity, was discovered by Sir Isaac Newton in the mid-seventeenth century when he saw an apple fall to Earth. He suddenly realized that one and the same force pulls the apple to Earth and keeps the moon in its orbit and, subsequently, the planets in their orbits.

The fourth fundamental principle was brought to light in 1905 by Albert Einstein in the revelations of his famous formula, E = mc², which was used to work out some of the basic problems of atomic energy. The formula clearly reveals the intimate relationship of energy to matter, which led to the atomic bomb and to the realization that all matter was, and is, continually created from energy.

The fifth fundamental principle was finalized by the author in 1995, exactly 400 years after Kepler's initial attempt to solve the great mystery of why planetary orbits are spaced in an imperfect geometric pattern around our Sun. This solution (1980-1995) to the Fourth Law of Planetary Motion that first eluded Kepler in 1595 conclusively linked all facets of the evolving FLINE model of origins and evolution.

These five fundamental truths reveal a clear understanding of the origin and functions of our Solar System, and the evolution of its planets and moons via internal nucleosynthesis (IN), the transformation of nuclear energy into matter as revealed by Einstein's formula -- which applies to all spheres of the Universe during their evolution from energy fireballs to inactive spheres, and accounts for all their nature.

During its quarter-century evolution, the revolutionary FLINE model has compiled an impeccable record of accurate predictions. One example best illustrates this point: Its deadly accurate prediction of the extremely powerful explosions of the 21 fragments of Comet SL9 on Jupiter in 1994 stood alone as a giant among the many puny predictions of others, including those of the world's best supercomputers. Recognition of the true fiery nuclear energy nature of comets made it no contest against the erroneous belief that comets are dirty snowballs (Whipple, 1950), the basis used in the computer models.

The 1975 pamphlet, Fuels: A New Theory, the initial publication of the revolutionary concept, led to a number of accurate predictions of fuel reserves -- gas, petroleum, coal -- that always remained ahead of all other relevant predictions; e.g., the tremendous volumes of methane hydrates were predicted and explained before being discovered during the past two decades. By understanding how these closely related fuels were created via nucleosynthesis and polymerization, one can understand how all planetary systems were, and are, made in ongoing processes that adhere strictly to the laws of physics and chemistry. Their entrapped fossils played no vital part during the creation of these hydrocarbon fuels, nor do they play a vital role in their ongoing creation.

Every planetary sphere is a self-sustaining entity that creates its own compositional matter. The definitive solution to every anomaly of planetary systems has its taproot deeply embedded in these five principles of the FLINE model -- a fact that soon should bring the Copernican revolution full circle.

The latest substantiated support of the FLINE model's five-stage evolution of planets came on December 5, 2000, via the news media three days before its scheduled publication in the journal, Science. Researchers find evidence of lakes on ancient Mars (LDNews via AP) reported that photos from a satellite orbiting Mars suggest the Red Planet was once a water-rich land of lakes (Malin Space Sciences Systems). The photos, taken by the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, show massive sedimentary deposits, with thick layers of rock stacked in miles-deep formations. The pictures show clear views of horizontal deposits of rock, a characteristic of sedimentary layers, in the walls of craters and chasms cut into the surface of Mars. Like Earth's Grand Canyon, such formations are possible only in the presence of water. Further, the splitting of planetary crust via either expansion or spotty sinkhole contraction, as well as volcanic actions, must be taken into account as probable causes of other formations.

"We have never before had this type of irrefutable evidence that sedimentary rocks are widespread on Mars," said Michael Malin. "These images tell us that early Mars was very dynamic [as with all active planets -- a basic principle of the FLINE model] and may have been [was] a lot more like Earth than many of us had been thinking." Such incontrovertible conclusions, all readily explained by the revolutionary model, continually move scientists ever deeper into the FLINE paradigm, and perhaps, ever closer to its long overdue acceptance as a valid scientific concept.

The anticipated findings on Mars add to the impeccable list of accurate predictions of the past two decades of the evolving FLINE model. This smaller planet is entering, if not already in, its fifth and final stage of evolution (inactive, dead), bleak and barren, just as Earth is destined to become after its current fourth evolutionary stage completes its cycle in a few billion years. Such depletion of the energy core in each planet and moon defines the boundary between the fourth and fifth stages of planetary evolution. These substantiated findings clearly corroborate the fact that planets undergo the five-stage evolution at rates in full accord with size.